Nicotine

nicotin
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Scientific Names: Nicotine

Generic Names: Nicotine. Tobacco related products.

An example of what Nicotine looks like
Nicotine is a stimulant drug found naturally in the tobacco leaf. Cigarettes are the dried & shredded leaves of the tobacco plant. Hand-rolled or commercially produced cigars and cigarettes, pipe tobacco. Occasionally prepared tobacco is prepared for chewing or absorbing in the cheeks.

E-cigarettes (vapes) are electronic devices for vaporising a liquid (called e-liquid) containing water, propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable glycerin (VG), food grade flavouring, and nicotine.

Nicotine pouches are placed in the gums to absorb nicotine. They have become popular as a way of getting a nicotine hit and as a way to quit smoking. Pouches made from tobacco are prohibited from sale in the UK, but nicotine pouches made from synthetic (lab made) nicotine are legal to sell and don’t currently fall within age-related legislation.

Desired Effects:

Reduced anxiety, relaxation.

Side Effects:

  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Increased pulse rate and blood pressure.

Long term risks:

  • The main harms from smoking tobacco in cigarettes, cigars and pipes come from the smoke. These harms include bronchitis, heart disease, damage to circulation, cancers (lungs, throat, tongue).
  • Tobacco smoking in pregnancy can result in damage to the foetus and low birth weight. Fresh tobacco, processed tobacco, and tobacco smoke contain carcinogens (cancer causing agents).
  • All cigarettes produce 'tar' that is inhaled into the lungs via smoke, but the brands differ in amounts of tar. In the 1950s it was discovered that the tar in tobacco smoke was associated with the increased risk of lung cancer.
  • Carbon monoxide, the main poisonous gas in car exhausts, is present in all cigarette smoke. In addition to these 600 additives are authorised for use in tobacco products many of which can be extremely harmful to the human body and health.
  • Although cigarette smoking is at record low levels, there are still around 74,000 smoking related deaths in England and just under 4,000 in Wales every year.
  • E-cigarettes were originally produced for long term adult smokers as a safer alternative to cigarettes as they do not produce smoke but heat the mixture to form a vapour. Although there are none of the risks associated with tobacco smoke, this does not mean they are completely safe, and a number of risks are associated with vaping e-cigarettes.
  • Nicotine is a highly addictive drug no matter if it is smoked or vaped. It causes both psychological and physical dependence. Nicotine withdrawal involves intense craving as well as physical, mental, and emotional symptoms.

Short term risks:

Tolerance, burn injuries from fires started accidentally by cigarettes.
Central nervous system stimulant, neurotoxin.
Smoked, occasionally chewed. Vaped in an e-cigarette. Absorbed through gums.
Pipes, rolling papers, matches/lighter.
Can be prescribed or bought as nicotine gum or patches used to ease withdrawal during attempts to quit smoking. E-cigarettes are also supplied for this purpose.
Cigarettes and e-cigarettes are widely available through numerous retail outlets and online. They are both also sold illegally to under aged people through shops and social networks. This includes disposable e-cigarettes that do not comply with legal regulations.
There are quit smoking clinics in every area - you can call Help To Quit on 0800 085 2219. There are also a range of other complimentary medicines and treatments available to help people stop smoking. Most GP surgeries have smoking cessation clinics and nurses who specialise in supporting people to give up. All quit smoking clinics can provide prescribing nicotine replacement therapy gum, inhalers or patches, advice, support and counselling and a range of other support structures.
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